Journal of International Political Economic - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Journal of International Political Economic. Answer: International trade means the process of exchange among different countries. This exchange will be of capital, services or goods. Each trading partner enjoys mutual gains when they specialise in a particular good or service. Moreover, for this particular good or service, the country faces either comparative advantage (Laursen, 2015). In other words, a country will produce that product in which it has less opportunity costs. Hence, a country enjoys comparative advantage when it can produce a particular good or service with a lower cost compare to other countries. This theory is developed by David Ricardo. According to him, a countrys welfare can be increased by applying this concept. Comparative advantage is a changing process. It means that comparative advantage can change over time (Levchenko Zhang, 2016). Hence, it is important for a country to find out various sources of comparative advantage. Firstly, comparative advantage basically depends upon the quality and quantity of chief production factors. Some countries have huge amount labour force and some countries have huge amount of capital investment. Secondly, the chief reasons behind this comparative advantage are geography and climate (Costinot, Donaldson Smith, 2016). Due to these differences, some countries enjoy low level of production costs compare to other countries. Thirdly, a country can enjoy comparative advantage if it has developed infrastructure facility. The government can invest huge amount of money to develop transportation and communication service. This will further decrease the trade cost and will increase supply capacity (Schilke, 2014). Information and communication technology helps a country to enjoy comparative advantage in international trade by developing information oriented sector. There are some other important sources which are needed to analyse. Exchange rate fluctuation influences the relative prices of imports and exports. Moreover, it can increase or decrease the total demand of a product from domestic and foreign customers. On the other hand, governmental controls on import can be used to generate artificial comparative advantage for domestic producers of a country (Beverelli, Fiorini Hoekman, 2017). Some tools that government use to control imports are tariffs, quotas and export subsidies and so on. Moreover, increasing returns to scale of a company helps to raise its demand for any commodity. Increasing return happens when output increase more than its proportional. This increasing demand in market helps trade to take place. Therefore, increasing returns help a company to become specialised and to enjoy comparative advantage. It should also be mentioned that banking institutions are very important for a country to achieve comparative advantage (Rappop ort, Schnabl Stern, 2014). Developed banking sector helps different companies by granting loans and by providing export credits. Moreover, a good governmental body also helps companies by providing legal facilities. Hence, good institutions of a country help to increase comparative advantage. Lastly, product design and reliability, innovation and quality increase the level of competition for a producer. There are various countries that are now making comparative advantage to make knowledge industries and specific knowledge sector with high quality. There are some other self-reinforcing sources which help a country to increase comparative advantage. Hence, by developing any one of the above sources or all sources, a country can enjoy more comparative advantage (Schilke, 2014). As comparative advantage of a country can change over time, it is called a dynamic process. In conclusion it can be said that a country can enjoy comparative advantage for various reasons. However, this comparative advantage may change over time. Hence, it is important for a country to improve all sources for which it has comparative advantage. References: Beverelli, C., Fiorini, M., Hoekman, B. (2017). Services trade policy and manufacturing productivity: The role of institutions.Journal of International Economics,104, 166-182. Costinot, A., Donaldson, D., Smith, C. (2016). Evolving comparative advantage and the impact of climate change in agricultural markets: Evidence from 1.7 million fields around the world.Journal of Political Economy,124(1), 205-248. Laursen, K. (2015). Revealed comparative advantage and the alternatives as measures of international specialization.Eurasian Business Review,5(1), 99-115. Levchenko, A. A., Zhang, J. (2016). The evolution of comparative advantage: Measurement and welfare implications.Journal of Monetary Economics,78, 96-111. Rappoport, D. P. V., Schnabl, P., Stern, C. E. P. N. Y. U. (2014).Comparative advantage and specialization in bank lending. Discussion paper, London School of Economics and New York University. Schilke, O. (2014). On the contingent value of dynamic capabilities for competitive advantage: The nonlinear moderating effect of environmental dynamism.Strategic Management Journal,35(2), 179-203.

Managing Time Essay Example For Students

Managing Time Essay The ability to manage time may be the most valuable asset students can have. Without it, one can get so bogged down with sports, homework, and life that one accomplishes little. As a freshman one needs to get involved in the school and community through sports, clubs and volunteer work. This will make a well- rounded individual not only in high school or college, but also in life. Allocate time for sports, homework, friends, and community service carefully. It is important to realize that many things have to be accomplished simultaneously to make a person stand out. Here are some things that I have found to help me:#61656; Setting Objectives#61656; Setting Priorities#61656; Stretching your time and using it effectively#61656; Setting alarm a couple of minutes ahead#61656; Plan the night before#61656; Know what your going to do the next day and execute objectives #61656; Write things down on notepad #61656; Keep ones standards high;#61656; Establish deadlinesI use these skills everyda y and I feel that I am a well-rounded student. I am actively involved in sports. I play football in the winter, wrestling in the fall, and baseball in the spring. Also, I am enrolled in many AP classes that are ambiguous and have countless hours of homework and require TIME! Furthermore, Im involved in my community from working at bible schools to doing cancer runs. Not to mention the time I have to put in with family and friends. Motivation is an important aspect of time management. If one doesnt truly want to use their time better, one will find he/she trapped forever in old nonproductive patterns. Each individual must decide what personal payoffs he or she can expect to receive from school to achieve a higher education.

Effects of Apples Marketing Strategy on Customers Behaviour in Chinese Market

Introduction In a retrospect, Apple, Inc. is one of those companies that were destined to become the world leaders. Launched into the global market with its innovative concept of Apple III, a personal computer that turned out to be quite competitive in the environment dominated by IBM and Microsoft, the organisation has been increasingly successful ever since (Hagedoorn, Carayannis Alexander 2001).Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Effects of Apple’s Marketing Strategy on Customers’ Behaviour in Chinese Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, with the creation of the global market, the company has faced a range of challenges, particularly, the need to promote its products with an account of the cultural specifics of the target population (Schiavenza 2013). Despite impressive differences between the Americana and the Chinese cultures, Apple managed to adjust its marketing campaign to the c ultural specifics of the above-mentioned market by putting a very strong emphasis on the significance of the technological advance (Minakhmetova Savchenko 2015). As a result, Apple may have spurred the creation of a new type of consumer behaviour in China and even launched an irreversible process of change in the Chinese society (Apple’s foray into China — and the mind of the new Chinese consumer 2013). Literature Review and Research Background Apple, Inc. has been known as the key innovator in the It market for a while (Chapman, Hoskinson Christian 2013) due to the integration of the so-called Quantum strategy into its design; specifically, the mixture of technological advances and efficacy in the company’s overall performance (Heracleous 2013) deserves to be mentioned. Entering into the global market, the company, however, had to bend its strategy so that Apple’s products could appeal to the target demographics; notably, the cultural specifics of the states, which Apple has chosen to expand in, have been identified carefully by the organisation. As a result, the entrance into the Chinese market planned previously by Apple was carried out rather smoothly with the introduction of the new consumer philosophy to the Chinese customers (Better days ahead; Apple in China 2013). The specified tendency can be explained by the fact that, as a worldwide brand, Apple, Inc. already has a very active community of customers and followers (Montgomerie Roscoe 2013), who, in their turn, have created a range of traditions and values related to the company and its vision (Apple plans Apple University in China, bringing Jobs’ vision to Asia 2013). Therefore, when rethinking the possible effects, which Apple, Inc. is going to have on the Chinese community after the adoption of the specified marketing approach, one must admit that opening the Chinese population to new opportunities in terms of education and the use of technology in their daily life can be deemed as a fairly positive change (Apple in China: big country, big company 2015).Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After all, the fact that â€Å"Apple currently has 12 stores in China and corporate offices in Beijing, Hong Kong and Shanghai† (Apple plans Apple University in China, bringing Jobs’ vision to Asia 2014, par. 5) means that the company has a range of employment options for the local residents. In the light of the fact that the Chinese society is currently facing significant challenges in meeting the needs of farmers and workers and that a strong effort is required in order to steer the state economy and politics in the right direction, the creation of a new type of society members, which Apple along with other several companies contributes to, is clearly a big step in the right direction: â€Å"A new generation of workers, above al l rural migrant workers, is standing up to defend their dignity and rights† (Chan, Pun Selden 2013, p. 112). Seeing that â€Å"Apple and Foxconn now find themselves in a limelight that challenges their corporate images and symbolic capital, hence requiring at least lip service in support of progressive labour policy reforms† (Chan, Pun Selden 2013, p. 112), it can be assumed that the marketing strategy chosen by Apple is bound to affect not only the creation of an entirely new type of customers in the Chinese market but also reinvent the very concept of economic relationships within the specified environment. It should be noted, though, that the implications of the approach adopted by Apple can be viewed as a double-sided sword, as it may turn out to have rather drastic effects on the Chinese society. Though clearly providing the Chinese population with a range of benefits, including the opportunity for the Chinese people to enter the environment of international comm unication, Apple affects the very core of the Chinese consumer culture by shifting the emphasis in the set of cultural values from appreciation of time honoured traditions to the pursuit of the ephemeral fades. On a more practical level, the specified change makes Chinese consumers are likely to be driven away from some of the current issues in the Chinese economy with the introduction of a new fad (Fitzsimons, Chartrand Fitzsimons 2008). Specifically, the fact that the local afflicted landowners and workers will no longer have the support of the rest of the Chinese population with the new concept of wellbeing engulfing the local population: â€Å"The Chinese state is also seeking to raise domestic consumption and hence living standards, in part in major response to the struggle of aggrieved workers and farmers† (Chan, Pun Selden. 2013, p. 112). More importantly, some of the studies related to the ethics of the company and the approaches, which Apple used as the means of wi nning Chinese customers’ trust, reported about â€Å"a powerful indictment of Apple, supply chains, consumer fantasy about technology, and the ethics of consumption† (Litzinger 2013, p. 175). Therefore, the alterations, which the Apple Company’s strategy is going to have on the economic and social life of the Chinese population, are far from being stellar. Research Objectives The principal goal of the study, therefore, is to investigate the effects that the current strategy undertaken by the Apple, Inc. has on the consumer behaviour patterns in China. Specifically, the research will consider the effects, which the current marketing approach has on the Chinese people’s mindset and their concept of the social elite.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Effects of Apple’s Marketing Strategy on Customers’ Behaviour in Chinese Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In other wo rds, the study is aimed at determining whether Apple’s concept of innovative products as the means of being singled out contributes to the creation of a new stratum of the Chinese society, i.e., the so-called technology related elite (Huang, Hu Zhang 2013).  Additionally, the study incorporates several key objectives. It is essential to identify the specifics of the marketing strategy that Apple, Inc. has adopted in China. Moreover, the characteristics of the Chinese consumers’ culture will have to be identified to locate the changes, which Apple’s strategy has triggered in the Chinese society. Finally, the key factors, which have contributed to the change, including both the internal (i.e., the intrinsic factors that are related directly to the mindset of Chinese people) and the external (i.e., the global market, Apple’s vision (Mission statement of Apple 2015), etc.) ones will have to be identified in order to retrieve the necessary information. The key research question is, therefore, whether the approach adopted by the Apple, Inc. may possibly spawn a societal change in China.  The negative effects, which the Apple strategy is going to have on the concept of a Chinese customer and the ethics thereof, however, are not restricted to the societal effects. Apart from the concern for the working class in China, the issue regarding environmental awareness rates among the Chinese people deserves to be mentioned (Apple announces new environmental initiatives in China 2015). It is feared that the concept of technological advances as the measure of a social status may have a rather negative impact on the Chinese environment: â€Å"Apple’s success in the Chinese mainland’s market is achieved at the expense of the local environment† (Jilong 2012, p. 45). By stressing the significance of innovative technology as an attribute of being rich and socially popular, Apple, inc. may make the target denizens of the Chinese population forget about the need to be environmentally friendly. Finally, the fact that Apple products have never enjoyed wide popularity in China to begin with deserves to be brought up (Reeve 2013). Seeing that the target market is dominated by Samsung, Apple will have to work especially hard in order to attract Chinese customers; therefore, it can be assumed that the tools to be used by the company are going to leave an especially persistent strategy. Therefore, the study is aimed at answering the following questions: What alterations has the Apple Company done to its marketing approach in order to promote its products to the Chinese population? What consumer behaviour is considered traditionally acceptable in China? In what way does the marketing strategy adopted by Apple alter the behavioural patterns of Chinese buyers? What effects will these changes have on the Chinese society in the nearest future? Methodologies and Methods Seeing that the relationships, which are going to be identified, are primarily qualitative, there is no obvious need to quantify the research outcomes (Gunter, Zhu Murphy 2011). Indeed, a closer look at the nature of the study will show that the key variables, i.e., the marketing strategy adopted by Apple, Inc. (the independent variable) and the changes in the consumer behaviour of the Chinese population (the dependent one) do not need to be quantified in order to define the link between them.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, the qualitative research design is suggested as the basis for the study (Khan 2014). As far as the research method is concerned, it can be suggested that a combination of a general research and a phenomenology should be used as a primary design for carrying out the study. The choice of two methods simultaneously can be justified by the fact that the issue to be considered in the course of the study is twofold. On the one hand, the specifics of Apple’s marketing have to be considered; on the other hand, the analysis will have to be carried out in the context of the Chinese culture. Therefore, a thorough study of the phenomenon in question placed in the specified setting needs to be conducted (Wertz 2014). As far as the general research is concerned, the specified step is crucial for identifying the basic characteristics of Chinese consumers, as well as the Chinese culture in general (Sincovics Alfoldi 2012). By reviewing several major works on Chinese consumerism, as well as Chinese traditions in general, one will be capable of predicting the effects, which the Apple strategies are going to have on the target denizens of the population. In fact, the general research mentioned above is going to incorporate an overview of the information regarding the Apple strategies as well. Thus, a full overview of the conflict to be considered can be obtained. The data regarding Apple’s marketing strategy and the effects that it has on the Chinese consumers, therefore, will be collected with the help of an overview of the existing literature on the subject. Particularly, articles in peer-reviewed journals, which were released after 2011, will be considered as the key secondary source of information for the research. Moreover, the reports released by Apple, Inc. and the Chinese government, which reflect the alterations in the Chinese people’s consumer behaviour, will be studied thoroughly. In addition, observations of the customer behaviour cha nges among Chinese people will be conducted based on the reports published by the trustworthy sources. As a result, the latest alterations in the consumer behaviour patterns will be identified and included into the study, which will make the analysis richer and more objective (Onwuegbuzie, Leech Collins 2010). The analysis of the information retrieved in the course of the above-mentioned observations and the study of the related literature will be conducted with the help of the constant comparison analysis. Being one of by far the most widely used tools for understanding and interpreting qualitative data, the specified device will allow for a careful evaluation of every significant factor affecting buyers’ behaviour in China. The data required for the research will be sampled with the help of the tool known as snowball sampling (Heckathorn 2011). The method in question will help split the research into several key stages based on the severity of the factors that affect the k ey dependent variable (e.g., the customer’s behaviour). Consequently, the tool under consideration can be deemed as an adequate choice for the specified study design and research setting. In fact, the method of snowball sampling will be updated by using social networks, such as Facebook (Baltar Brunet 2012). Thus, the options for data retrieval will be increased greatly.  In addition to the above-mentioned research tools, interviews will be administered to the participants. The interviews will be aimed at determining the shift in values among the Chinese population after the introduction of Apple products into the target market; specifically, the issue regarding the change in people’s perception of their social status after the purchase of Apple products will be considered.  The interview will consist of ten open-ended questions. Although the information retrieved in the course of interviewing is likely to come in the form of an unstructured text, classifying the data based on a specific taxonomy will allow for identifying the key factors that affect the buyers’ behaviour. The questions included in the interview will help identify the recent trends in the Chinese society, the rates of enthusiasm regarding acquiring new gadgets among Chinese people, the attitude towards the people possessing the specified devices, etc. It is assumed that the tools listed above will help attain a high level of academic objectivity and contribute to the understanding of the effects that the marketing approach adopted by Apple, Inc. has on the Chinese population in terms of their customer behaviour. However, in order to gain a deep insight on the alterations in the above-mentioned behavioural patterns, the changes in question will have to be considered from the perspectives of both the social and economic specifics of China. The case in point is a graphic example of a clash of cultures (i.e., the American and the Chinese ones); therefore, it must be viewe d from the cultural perspective as well. By identifying the essential changes, which the Chinese people have to undergo under the pressure of Apple’s obtrusive marketing campaign, one will be able to locate a reasonable compromise for the company to make between the need to attract more customers and the necessity to prevent any possible harm to the Chinese society. Reference List Apple announces new environmental initiatives in China 2015, https://www.apple.com/pr/library/2015/05/11Apple-Announces-New-Environmental-Initiatives-in-China.html. Apple in China: big country, big company 2015, http://www.msn.com/en-gb/money/other/apple-in-china-big-country-big-company/ar-AA8GHuj. Apple plans Apple University in China, bringing Jobs’ vision to Asia 2013, http://9to5mac.com/2014/11/03/apple-plans-apple-university-in-china-bringing-jobs-vision-to-asia/. Apple’s foray into China — and the mind of the new Chinese consumer 2013, http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/ar ticle/apples-foray-into-china-and-the-mind-of-the-new-chinese-consumer-2/. Baltar, F Brunet, I 2012, ‘Social research 2.0: virtual snowball sampling method using Facebook,’ Internet research, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 57–74. Better days ahead; Apple in China. 2013, http://www.economist.com/news/business/21591229-tech-giant-can-rebound-its-recent-misfortunes-china-better-days-ahead. Chan, J, Pun, N Selden, M 2013, ‘The politics of global production: Apple, Foxconn and China’s new working class,’ New Technology, Work and Employment, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 100–115. Chapman, R, Hoskinson, R E Christian, G 2013, Apple Inc.: Keeping the â€Å"I† in innovation, http://www.cengagebrain.com.mx/content/9781133516491.pdf. Fitzsimons, G M, Chartrand, T L Fitzsimons, G J 2008, ‘Automatic effects of brand exposure on motivated behaviour: how Apple makes you â€Å"think different.†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Source: Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 21–35. Gunter, L, Zhu, J Murphy, S A 2011, ‘Variable selection for qualitative interactions,’ Statistical Methodology, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 42–55. Hagedoorn, J, Carayannis, E Alexander, J 2001, ‘Strange bedfellows in the personal computer industry: Technology alliances between IBM and Apple,’ Research Policy, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 837–849. Heckathorn, D D 2011, ‘Comment: snowball versus respondent-driven sampling,’ Sociological Methodology, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 355–365. Heracleous, L 2013, ‘Quantum Strategy at Apple Inc.,’ Organisational Dynamics, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 92–99. Huang, C, Hu, L Zhang, X 2013, Consumer experience analysis, http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:624813/FULLTEXT01.pdf. Jilong, W 2012, ‘Multinationals’ environmental colonialism: A case study of Apple Inc. and China’s countermeasures,’ China Economist, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 44–54. Khan, S N 2014, ‘Qualitative research method – phenomenology,’ Asian Social Science, vol. 10, no. 21, pp. 298–310. Litzinger, R 2013, ‘Labor in China: A new politics of struggle,’ The South Atlantic Quarterly, vol. 112, no. 1, pp. 172–178. Minakhmetova, A Savchenko, D 2015, Mobile marketing strategy development in China, Japan and South Korea, http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:822708/FULLTEXT01.pdf. Mission statement of Apple. 2015, http://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/mission-statements/apple-mission-statement.html. Montgomerie, J Roscoe, S 2013, ‘Owning the consumer – getting to the core of the Apple business model,’ Accounting Forum, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 290–299. Onwuegbuzie, L J, Leech, A L Collins, K M T 2010, ‘Innovative data collection strategies in qualitative research,’ The Qualitative Report, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 696–726. Reeve, N 2013, RCM demotes Apple, http://ww w.ftadviser.com/2013/02/15/investments/investment-trusts/rcm-demotes-apple-e6IacpYBNnVhxAkrazz1kM/article.html. Schiavenza, M 2013, ‘The logic behind Apple’s strategy in China,’ The Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/china/archive/2013/09/the-logic-behind-apples-strategy-in-china/279569/. Sincovics, R R Alfoldi, E A 2012, ‘Progressive focusing and trustworthiness in qualitative research,’ Management International Review, vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 817–845. Wertz, F J 2014, ‘Phenomenology,’ Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 93–101. This proposal on Effects of Apple’s Marketing Strategy on Customers’ Behaviour in Chinese Market was written and submitted by user Quinn I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay Sample For Class

Essay Sample For ClassWhen it comes to writing an essay, the best answer is probably the essay sample for class. An essay should be about your ideas, no matter how odd you make them seem. As a creative writer, you may want to write different samples for different subjects.Before you begin writing an essay, it's best to do some thinking. You should ask yourself if you have learned anything from this subject. Sometimes one of the best answers is 'No' because you are doing something completely different than you were taught in class. This is a great way to get a fresh perspective on the subject. When you think about your previous ideas, maybe you will begin to understand where you went wrong.After you have thought about your previous thoughts, you should then write your essay. Be sure to do research on the essay topic. Study the sources and materials that are related to the topic. For example, if you're writing about a subject in which you have done writing for or even consulted a tutor , then you will want to do some research on the topic and possibly go to a tutoring class. Go to a website that will give you information on tutors and reading materials.Another reason to study your sources is that you may want to find a topic that is not as easy to write about as others may be. With every subject, there are usually only a few ways to do it. This is why there are usually only a handful of essays that are written on the topic each year.As you read through the essay, note down what the thesis statement is. This is the core idea that is the foundation for the rest of the essay. The thesis statement will serve as the foundation and summary of the rest of the essay.Once you have completed your thesis statement, add your background information. This will help you come up with ideas that you may have never thought of before. The background information that you provide should be based on your personal experiences or life events.The next step is to create your essay. Always start out by writing about yourself and then write about the topic. The rest of the essay can be about the topic. Write a dozen different samples before you get to the main subject of the essay.

buy custom Americas Influence on Japans Constitution of 1947 essay

buy custom America's Influence on Japan's Constitution of 1947 essay The constitution of Japan was propagated on 3rd Nov, in the year 1946 and put into effect on 3rd May in the year 1997. Both American Constitution and the Government had a significant influence on the enactment process of the Post War Constitution. It is frequently known as the Mac Arthur Constitution, since it was drafted by the staff of General Mac Arthur the Supreme Commander for allied power (SCAP) and both the Japanese people and the Japanese Government had limited amount of input to it. Therefore, this paper will discuss the influence of the United States on Japans Constitution. At the end World War II, allied powers such as the United States with other assistances from countries such as India, Australia, and New Zealand occupied Japan (Hook, Glenn, and Gavan, 2003). Political Influence There are many pressures on the new Post-War Constitution, for analytical principles, they can be divided into two types of pressure. The first one is a more deliberate political pressure, while the other one is a subtle indirect pressure. The political pressures originated from SCAP and its staffs, whereas the legal pressures rooted from the text plus fundamental ideas of the American Constitution. One of the political pressures is noticeably manifested in the latest status of the monarch and rules of the United States Government same as of Gen. MacArthur to protect the ruler as the head of state, so as to perform a stable and efficient occupation reforms in order for Japan to be a democratic state. MacArthur decided to clear Emperor Hirohito and at the beginning of year 1945, MacArthur had stated that the emperors abdication is not necessary. He cleared Hirohito and disregarded the advice of several members of the royal family plus the Japanese intellectual who openly requested for the resignation of the ruler and the execution of regency. For instance, Prince Mikasa the youngest Hirohitos brother stood up in the year 1946 and contended his brother to be accountable for the conquer and still the well known poet by the name Tatsuji Miyoshi wrote an article in Shicho magazine with the title as emperor should abdicate quickly. Decision of MacArthur to protect the monarch system was powerfully supported after meeting with the monarch in the year 1945, for the first time and he was intensely enlightened by the emperors genuine attitude (Hook et al, 2003). During that time, the emperor appeared at the top of the war criminal list planned by the Britain and Soviet Union. MacArthur was terrified by the fact that if the ruler were put to death, it might become necessary to own military rule with the likelihood of rebellions happening within Japan. Then, he considered that the ruler shoud be taken care of and anticipated that the ruler would implore and not to be accus ed as being against the law as various leaders of conquered countries would have done. Surrender of Japan Initially, Japan gave into the allies on 14th August in the year 1945, when the Japanese government informed the allied that it had admitted the Post-dam declaration. The Emperor Hirohito proclaimed the unconditional surrender of Japan in the following day on the radio. This declaration was the first radio broadcast made by the emperor and became the first time the Japans citizens heard their independents voice and this date is called Victory for Japan. This also indicated the end of WWII and the start of a lengthy path to revival for a smashed Japan (Hook et al, 2003). On Victory over Japan day, Gen. Douglas MacArthur was appointed as a supreme commander for allied powers (SCAP) by Harry Truman the president of the United States to manage the Japans occupation. During the period of war, these allied powers arranged to divide Japan among themselves for reasons of occupation, as was done for the occupation of Germany. There is no clear reason why occupation plan was altered but common theories add the raised power of the U.N following expansion of the atomic bomb, and the greater distrust by the United States President of the Soviet Union when compared with Roosevelt, plus high desire to hold Soviet Union in the Far East after the Yalta Conference. Outcomes of Occupation Disarmament The Post-War Constitution of Japan adopted under allied management incorporated a peace clause article 9, which gave up war and barred Japan from sustaining any armed forces. This aimed to stop the country from turning into a violent military power once more. Nevertheless, for a decade, American was demanding Japan to reorganize the Japans army as a barricade against collectivism in Asia after the Korean and Chinese Civil War and Japan set up a Self Defense Forces. Conventionally, spending of Japans military has been limited to around one percent of its Gross Net Profit, although this is a well-liked practice, not law and has changed down and up from the country figures (Higuchi and Yoichi, 2008). Currently, past prime minister and other politicians have attempted to modify the clause, even though the intention of the American occupation was to demilitarize the Japanese because of the succeeding Asian peril of collectivism. According to the American argument, the Japanese military wa s gradually resorted to substantial strenngth, and currently, the Japan has the 6th biggest military budget in the world. Liberalization The occupation wasnt a straightforward trial in a democracy; it is frequently depicted to be with a strengthening of the cold war supreme commander allied powers reined in its reforms initiatives. In the year 1947, the United States main concerns moved audibly from open-minded social change into economic revival and internal political constancy. Democratization demilitarization lost impetus and then appeared to stall, economic de-concentration, for instance, it was left unfinished as GHQ replied to the latest imperatives. American systems motivated business practices plus industrial rules, which have since turn to sources of disputation between Japan and its focal trade partners, markedly the U.S. In the occupation, SCAP/GHQ effectively put an end to several of the financial alliances called Zaibatsu that had before monopolized firm. Together with later American alteration of heart, nevertheless, these economic changes were also held back by the powerful and wealthy Japanese who clea rly stood to mislay a vast deal. Consequently, there were those who opposed any kind of efforts at changes proclaiming that the Zaibatsu were needed for Japan to finish globally and looser industrial federations called Keirestu developed (Higuchi and Yoichi, 2008). A key land reform was carried out, guided by Wolf Ladejinsky of Gen. Douglas MacArthurs SCAP staffs. Between year 1947 and 1949, about 5,800,000 hectares of land were bought from the landowners under reform program of the government and resold at tremendously low costs to the cultivators who worked them, and by the year 1957, 3 million peasants had obtained land dismantling authority structures that the landowner had long conquered. Conclusion The constitution of Japan is currently more than 60 years old and it has been modified more than once. The American constitution is more than 200 years old and it has been modified 27 times. Therefore, views and evaluations of the Japanese constitution at the age of 60 are tremendously differed and some individuals would states that it has turn into simply a nominal document, some deprecate its erosion, whereas others declare that the constitution is out of touch with actuality and should be modified. Nevertheless, it could be incorrect to propose that the constitution of Japan is insignificant, since by doing so, one may be misconstruing post-war history the fact is that the constitution has endured cruel critics both at home and overseas for more than 60 years and turn out to be a foundation of constitutionalism in Japanese society. Buy custom America's Influence on Japan's Constitution of 1947 essay

The phone with the verision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The phone with the verision - Essay Example Consider an iPhone purchase either through a two year contract and Verizon Edge. Purchasing through the agreement will cost an individual an upfront payment of $2325.90 while Verizon will take a 20 months installment of $110.65 giving the full payment for the device as $2213.78. The two-year agreement will however take an entire period of 24 months that is higher than that of the edge program making the agreement’s total monthly cost to be lower as compared to that of Verizon. Buying S5 using an agreement will cost an individual $2371 which is higher than $2159 charged for the Verizon Edge. The monthly charges however reverse with that of Verizon being higher since the deal takes a longer period of 24 months as compared to that of Verizon, which takes 20 months. It is, therefore, evident that in the long run a Verizon Edge program saves much money as compared to a typical agreement and also makes upgrading easy. It is, therefore, recommended for individuals to register for this program and take advantage of this new

Brent Crude Oil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Brent Crude Oil - Essay Example There exist specific factors that cause this sharp decline in the oil price (Menton, 2015). The strength of the American dollar is a key driver for the steady decline of the oil prices. The current global market has been under tremendous competition with the United States dollar being a key determinant of majority of the things. With the strong US dollar, the average price and value of majority of the commodities fall. This has greatly affected crude oil, whose price has been constantly declining. With global prices of commodities quoted in reference to the dollar, the prices trend lower in the economic times where the dollar is strong (Menton, 2015). The U.S currency surge experienced in the second quarter of 2014 saw a culminated decline in major leading product and commodity indices. negative impact Of OPEC Oil output in the US due to oil prices registering low price sales by the end of the year would be another contributing factor. The marginal oil barrel output derived from unconventional sources like shale would be highly affected by the existing low global prices of crude oil. Drilling of oil wells has been on a steady decline based on the high costs incurred and the constant low prices registered in the global market making the industry unprofitable (Menton, 2015). There is a global oversupply of crude oil. The supply has exceeded the demand of the product with its 2015 oil production speculated at 9.35 M barrels per day. It also goes into history that the existing oil reserves and repositories increased to the highest numbers ever registered since 80 years ago. The commercial inventories of crude oil in the United States rose by a margin of 4.5M barrels compared to the registered levels of the previous week (Menton, 2015). The figures make it the highest level of crude oil inventories registered in the year 2015. The existing nuclear deal with Iran is viewed as a major element that soils the oil prices further down in the United